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Marcello 2021-07-12 16:18:53 +02:00
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2
Database/MongoDB.md
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@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ db.getCollectionNames().forEach(function(collection) {
print("Indexes for " + collection + ":");
printjson(indexes);
});
db.<collection>.getIndexes() # view collenction's index
db.<collection>.getIndexes() # view collection's index
db.<collection>.dropIndexes() # drop all indexes
db.<collection>.dropIndex( { "index-name": 1 } ) # drop a specific index

14
Java/Java.md
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@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ System.out.print(output_1 + _ + output_n);
[String.format() Examples](https://dzone.com/articles/java-string-format-examples)
```java
System.out.printf("stringa %..", variable);
System.out.printf("string %..", variable);
System.out.println(String.format(format, args));
```
@ -79,11 +79,11 @@ Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); //Scanner obj init
scanner.useDelimiter("delimitatore"); //delimiter setting
scanner.close() //closing of Scanner, releases memory
int variabile_int_1 = scanner.nextInt(); //takes integer number
int variable_int_1 = scanner.nextInt(); //takes integer number
String string_1 = scanner.nextLine(); //takes line of text (\n ends line)
String string_1 = scanner.next(); //takes text (spacec ends word)
double variabile_double_1 = scanner.nextDouble(); //takes double decimal number
boolean variabile_bool = scanner.netxBoolean(); //takes boolean value
double variable_double_1 = scanner.nextDouble(); //takes double decimal number
boolean variable_bool = scanner.netxBoolean(); //takes boolean value
//(TRUE, FALSE, true, false, True, False)
```
@ -137,8 +137,8 @@ Type variable = new WrapperClass(primitiveValue); //automatic unboxing
WrapperClass.MIN_VALUE //constant holding min possible value of wrapper class
WrapperClass.MAX_VALUE //constant holding man possible value of wrapper class
ClasseWrapper.parseClasseWrapper(stringa); //converte il valore di una stringa in uno della classe wrapper (metodo statico), eccezione NumberFOrmatException se l'operazione fallisce
ClasseWrapper.toString(valore_tipo_primitivo); //converte il valore della classe wrapper in una string (metodo statico)
WrapperClass.parseClasseWrapper(string); // converts the tring to the wrapper class, NumberFOrmatException on error
WrapperClass.toString(primitive); // converts the wrapper class value to a string
```
### String & Char
@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ Escape Character | Character
### String Concatenation
The value of the variable is appende to the string literal.
`"text" + variabile`
`"text" + variable`
String are immutable. Concatenation creates a new string.
### String Conversion to Number

8
JavaScript/DOM.md
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@ -16,14 +16,14 @@ Javascript
var node = document.getElementById('id');
// By Tag Name
var node = document.getElementsByTagName('tag');
var nodes = document.getElementsByTagName('tag');
// By Class Name
var node = document.getElementsByClassName('class');
var nodes = document.getElementsByClassName('class');
// By CSS Query
var node = document.querySelector('css-selector');
var node = document.querySelectorAll('css-selector');
var nodes = document.querySelectorAll('css-selector');
```
## Manupulating the DOM
@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ document.createTextNode('text');
domNode.appendChild(childToAppend); // insert childTaAppend after domNode
// insert node before domNode
domNode.insertBEfore(childToInsert, domnode);
domNode.insertBefore(childToInsert, domnode);
domNode.parentNode.insertBefore(childToInsert, nodeAfterChild);
// remove a node

3
JavaScript/Events & Animation.md
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@ -63,6 +63,9 @@ window.setInterval(callbackFunction, delayMilliseconds);
//To stop an animation store the timer into a variable and clear it
window.clearTimeout(timer);
window.clearInterval(timer);
// execute a callback at each frame
window.requestAnimationFrame(callbackFunction);
```
### Element Position & dimensions

17
JavaScript/JavaScript.md
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@ -28,16 +28,15 @@
*/
```
### Naming Conventions
| Elements | Case |
| -------- | --------- |
| variable | camelCase |
### Modern Mode
If located at the top of the script the whole script works the “modern” way (enables post-ES5 functionalities).
`"use strict"`
```js
"use strict"
// script contents
```
### Pop-Up message
@ -328,8 +327,7 @@ if (condition) {
### Ternary Operator
`condition ? instruction1 : istruction2;`
Ff TRUE execute instruction1, execute instruction2 otherwise.
`condition ? <expr1> : <expr2>;`
### Switch Statement
@ -480,6 +478,7 @@ for(let key in dict) {
// do something with "key" and "value" variables
}
Object.keys(dict).forEach(key => { });
```
## Functions

2
Node.js/Standard Packages/http(s).md
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@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ https.request(
method: "GET", // POST, ...
path: "/page/?param=value"
},
(response) => { // respnse is IncomingMessage
(response) => { // response is IncomingMessage
// do stuff
}
).end();

4
PHP/Database.md
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@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ $stmt->execute();
By default PDO converts all results into strings since it is a generic driver for multiple databases.
Its possible to disable this behaviour setting `PDO::ATTR_STRINGIFY_FETCHES` and `PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES` as `false`.
**NOTE**: `FETCH_OBJ` abd `FETCH_CLASS` return classes and don't have this bheaviour.
**NOTE**: `FETCH_OBJ` abd `FETCH_CLASS` return classes and don't have this behaviour.
```php
pdo->setAttribute()
@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ $stmt = $pdo->prepare($sql);
$stmt->execute([':marker' => value]);
$result = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
$stmt->debugDumpParams(); # print the SQK query that has been sent to the database
$stmt->debugDumpParams(); # print the SQL query that has been sent to the database
```
## [SQLite3](https://www.php.net/manual/en/book.sqlite3.php)

1
PHP/Dependecy Injection.md
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@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ class Foo
## Dependency Injection Container
The **Dependecy Injection Container** (DIC) allow to archive all the dependencies in a single `Container` class. Some offer automatic resolution of the dependecies.
Containers aid the developer in the handling of the dependecies: get/has/set.
## [PHP-DI](https://php-di.org/)

51
PHP/PHP.md
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@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ declare(strict_types=1); # activates variable type checking on function argumen
include "path\\file.php"; # import an external php file, E_WARNING if fails
include_once "path\\file.php"; # imports only if not already loaded
require "path\\file.php"; # # import an external php file, E_COMPILE_ERROR if fails
require "path\\file.php"; # import an external php file, E_COMPILE_ERROR if fails
require_once "path\\file.php"; # imports only if not already loaded
```
@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ return [
```
```php
$config = include "config.php"; // retireve config wnd store into variable
$config = include "config.php"; // retireve config and store into variable
```
## Namespace
@ -136,12 +136,12 @@ $c = 7E-10; // 0.0000000007
### Mathematical Operators
| Operator | Operation |
|----------|----------------|
| -------- | -------------- |
| `-` | Subtraction |
| `*` | Multiplication |
| `/` | Division |
| `%` | Modulo |
| `**` | Exponentiatio |
| `**` | Exponentiation |
| `var++` | Post Increment |
| `++var` | Pre Increment |
| `var--` | Post Decrement |
@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ A string is a sequrnce of ASCII characters. In PHP a string is an array of chara
### String Concatenation
```php
$string1 . $string2; method 1
$string1 . $string2; # method 1
$string1 .= $string2; # method 2
```
@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ define ('CONSTANT_NAME', 'value')
### Magic Constants `__NAME__`
- `__FILE__`: sctipt path + scrit filename
- `__FILE__`: script path + script filename
- `__DIR__`: file directory
- `__LINE__`: current line number
- `__FUNCTION__`: the function name, or {closure} for anonymous functions.
@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ list($array1 [, $array2, ...]) = $data; # Python-like tuple unpacking
### Associative Arrays
Associative arrays have a value as an index. Alternative names are *hash tables* or *dictionaries*.
Associative arrays have a value as an index. Alternative names are _hash tables_ or _dictionaries_.
```php
$italianDay = [
@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ $italianDay["Mon"]; # evaluates to Lunedì
### Conditional Opeartors
| Operator | Operation |
|-------------|--------------------------|
| ----------- | ------------------------ |
| $a `==` $b | value equality |
| $a `===` $b | value & type equality |
| $a `!=` $b | value inequality |
@ -299,13 +299,13 @@ With `==` a string evaluates to `0`.
### Logical Operators
| Operator | Example | Result |
|----------|-------------|------------------------------------------------------|
| -------- | ----------- | ---------------------------------------------------- | --- | ------------------------------------ |
| `and` | `$a and $b` | TRUE if both `$a` and `$b` are TRUE. |
| `or` | `$a or $b` | TRUE if either `$a` or `$b` is TRUE. |
| `xor` | `$a xor $b` | TRUE if either `$a` or `$b` is TRUE, but *not both*. |
| `not` | `!$a` | TRUE if `$a` is *not* TRUE. |
| `xor` | `$a xor $b` | TRUE if either `$a` or `$b` is TRUE, but _not both_. |
| `not` | `!$a` | TRUE if `$a` is _not_ TRUE. |
| `and` | `$a && $b` | TRUE if both `$a` and `$b` are TRUE. |
| `or` | `$a || $b` | TRUE if either `$a` or `$b` is TRUE. |
| `or` | `$a | | $b` | TRUE if either `$a` or `$b` is TRUE. |
### Ternary Operator
@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ if $a > $b
if $a == $b
return 0;
if $a < $b
return 0;
return -1;
```
### `If` - `Elseif` - `Else`
@ -535,7 +535,7 @@ $foo = function (type $parameter) use ($average) {
### Union Types (PHP 8)
**Union types** are a collection of two or more types which indicate that *either* one of those *can be used*.
**Union types** are a collection of two or more types which indicate that _either_ one of those _can be used_.
```php
public function foo(Foo|Bar $input): int|float;
@ -560,8 +560,8 @@ foo(
### Scope & Visibility
`public` methods and attrivutes are visible to anyone (*default*).
`private` methods and attrivutes are visible only inside the class in which are declared.
`public` methods and attributes are visible to anyone (_default_).
`private` methods and attributes are visible only inside the class in which are declared.
`protected` methods and attributes are visible only to child classes.
`final` classes cannot be extended.
@ -595,15 +595,15 @@ class ClassName
}
}
$object = new ClassName; # case insensitive (CLASSNAME, CLassName, classname)
$object->attrivute = value;
$object = new ClassName; # case insensitive (CLASSNAME, ClassName, classname)
$object->attribute = value;
$object->func();
$object::CONSTANT;
$var = $object; # copy by reference
$var = clone $object # copy by value
$object instanceof ClassName // check typo of the object
$object instanceof ClassName // check type of the object
```
### Static classes, attributes & methods
@ -698,10 +698,10 @@ class ClassName implements InterfaceName {
### Traits
`Traits` allows the riutilization of code inside different classes without links of inheritance.
It can be used to mitigate the problem of *multiple inheritance*, which is absent in PHP.
`Traits` allows the reutilization of code inside different classes without links of inheritance.
It can be used to mitigate the problem of _multiple inheritance_, which is absent in PHP.
In case of functions name conflic it's possible to use `insteadof` to specify which function to use. It's also possible to use an *alias* to resolve the conflicts.
In case of functions name conflic it's possible to use `insteadof` to specify which function to use. It's also possible to use an _alias_ to resolve the conflicts.
```php
trait TraitName {
@ -784,7 +784,7 @@ hash($algorithm, $data);
Algorithms currently supported:
- **PASSWORD_DEFAULT** - Use the *bcrypt* algorithm (default as of PHP 5.5.0). Note that this constant is designed to change over time as new and stronger algorithms are added to PHP.
- **PASSWORD_DEFAULT** - Use the _bcrypt_ algorithm (default as of PHP 5.5.0). Note that this constant is designed to change over time as new and stronger algorithms are added to PHP.
- **PASSWORD_BCRYPT** - Use the **CRYPT_BLOWFISH** algorithm to create the hash. This will produce a standard `crypt()` compatible hash using the "$2y$" identifier. The result will always be a 60 character string, or FALSE on failure.
- **PASSWORD_ARGON2I** - Use the **Argon2i** hashing algorithm to create the hash. This algorithm is only available if PHP has been compiled with Argon2 support.
- **PASSWORD_ARGON2ID** - Use the **Argon2id** hashing algorithm to create the hash. This algorithm is only available if PHP has been compiled with Argon2 support.
@ -868,19 +868,18 @@ error_log(sprintf("[%s] Error: _", date("Y-m-d h:i:s")), 3, "path\\log.log")
## Exception Handling
PHP offers the possibility to handle errors with the *exception model*.
PHP offers the possibility to handle errors with the _exception model_.
```php
try {
// dangerous code
} catch(ExcpetionType1 | ExceptionType2 $e) {
printf("Errore: %s", $e->getMessage());
} catch(Excpetion $e) {
// handle or report exception
}
throw new ExceptionType("message"); // trow an exception
throw new ExceptionType("message"); // throw an exception
```
All exceptions in PHP implement the interface `Throwable`.

4
PHP/Simple_MVC/Simple_MVC.md
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@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
# [SimpleMVC](https://github.com/ezimuel/simplemvc) Mini-Framework
Mini framework MVC per scopi didattici basato su Dependency Injection ([PHP-DI][php-di]), Routing ([FastRoute][fastroute]), PSR-7 ([nyholm/psr7][psr7]) e Templates ([Plates][plates])
SimpleMVC is a micro MVC framework for PHP using [FastRoute][fastroute], [PHP-DI][php-di], [Plates][plates] and [PHP-DI][php-di] standard for HTTP messages.
This framework is mainly used as tutorial for introducing the Model-View-Controller architecture in modern PHP applications.
[php-di]: https://php-di.org/
[fastroute]: https://github.com/nikic/FastRoute

2
PHP/Templates with Plates.md
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@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ echo $template->render('template_name', [ "marker" => value, ... ]);
It's necessary to verify that the output is in the necessary format.
Plates offerts `$this->escape()` or `$this->e()` to validate the output.
In general the output validation allows toprevent [Cross-Site Scripting][owasp-xss] (XSS).
In general the output validation allows to prevent [Cross-Site Scripting][owasp-xss] (XSS).
[owasp-xss]: https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/xss/

10
PHP/Unit Testing.md
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@ -42,7 +42,8 @@ PHPUnit can be configured in a XML file called `phpunit.xml`:
### Test Structure
**PHPUnit** tests are grouped in classes suffixed with `Test`. Each class *extends* `PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase`. A test is a method of a *test class* prefized with `test`.
**PHPUnit** tests are grouped in classes suffixed with `Test`. Each class *extends* `PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase`.
A test is a method of a *test class* prefized with `test`.
PHPUnit is executed from the command line with `vendor/bin/phpunit --colors`.
```php
@ -120,16 +121,15 @@ public function testExceptionNotTrown()
// same as
/**
* @dataProvider provideExamNames
* @doesNotPerformAssertions
*/
public function testAggiungiEsameNoExceptions(string $esame)
public function testNoExceptions(string $esame)
{
$this->studente->aggiungiEsame($esame);
// code that should succeed (exceptions will make the test fail)
}
```
### Test Setup & Teardown
### Test Setup & Teardown (Example)
```php
class ClassTest extends TestCase

15
PHP/Web.md
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@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ Handling of HTTP requests happend using the following global variables:
```html
<!-- method MUST BE post -->
<!-- must have enctype="multipart/form-data" attribute -->
<form name="invio_file" action="file.php" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<form name="<name>" action="file.php" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="file" name="photo" />
<input type="submit" name="Invio" />
<input type="submit" name="Send" />
</form>
```
@ -36,13 +36,13 @@ Files in `$_FILES` are memorized in a system temp folder. They can be moved with
```php
if (! isset($_FILES['photo']['error'])) {
http_response_code(400); # send a response code
echo'<h1>Non è stato inviato nessun file</h1>';
echo'<h1>No file has been sent</h1>';
exit();
}
if ($_FILES['photo']['error'] != UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
http_response_code(400);
echo'<h1>Il file inviato non è valido</h1>';
echo'<h1>The sent file is invalid</h1>';
exit();
}
@ -50,11 +50,11 @@ $path = '/path/to/' . $_FILES['photo']['name'];
if (! move_uploaded_file($_FILES['photo']['tmp_name'], $path)) {
http_response_code(400);
echo'<h1>Errore durante la scrittura del file</h1>';
echo'<h1>Error while writing the file</h1>';
exit();
}
echo'<h1>File inviato con successo</h1>';
echo'<h1>File succesfully sent</h1>';
```
### `$_SERVER`
@ -127,7 +127,8 @@ if(isset($_COOKIE["cookie_name"])) {}
PHP generates a cookie named `PHPSESSID` containing a *session identifier* and an *hash* generated from `IP + timestamp + pseudo-random number`.
To use the session it's necesary to recall the function `session_start()` at the beginning of a PHP script that deals with sesssions; after starting the session information in be savend in the `$_SESSION` array.
To use the session it's necesary to recall the function `session_start()` at the beginning of a PHP script that deals with sessions.
After starting the session information in be savend in the `$_SESSION` array.
```php
$_SESSION["key"] = value; // save data in session file (serialized data)

2
Rust/Cargo.md
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@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ use <crate_name>::module as alias; // import module w/ aliass
pub use <crate_name>::module; // re-exporting (import and make available to others)
use <crate_name>::module::{self, Item}; // import multiple paths
use use <crate_name>::module::*; // import all public items (Glob operator)
pub use <crate_name>::module::*; // import all public items (Glob operator)
module::function(); // use func w/ shorter path
```

10
iOS/ContentView.md
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@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ SwiftUI memorizes internally the value of the `@State` property and updates the
- Simplest view.
- Permits the visualization of simple UIs.
- Constituited bay a body of type `View`
- Constituited by a body of type `View`
```swift
struct SimpleViewName: View {
@ -58,8 +58,8 @@ Most common view to present array contents, it automatically hendles the scrolli
I can be inegrate d in a `NavigaionView` to handle a `DeailView` of a selectted item in the list.
The basic object that creates the table view is the `List()`. It's job is to create a "cell" for every element in the array.
The array can be filttered with a *search bar*.
The array elements can be grouped with the `Section()` object that groups cells under a common name un the table.
The array can be filtered with a *search bar*.
The array elements can be grouped with the `Section()` object that groups cells under a common name in the table.
```swift
// view name can be any
@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ struct TableCell: View {
}
```
Every cell can have a link to visualize he details of the selected object. This is done by using `NavigationView` and `NavigationLink`.
Every cell can have a link to visualize the details of the selected object. This is done by using `NavigationView` and `NavigationLink`.
The `NavigationView` contains the list and the property `.navigationBarTitle()` sets the view title.
It's possible to add other controls in the top part of the view (buttons, ...) using the property `.navigationBarItems()`.
@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ struct TabBarView: View {
}
```
The `TabBar` conostruction is made applying the `.tabItem{}` parameter to the object or page that the tab will link to.
The `TabBar` construction is made applying the `.tabItem{}` parameter to the object or page that the tab will link to.
It's possible to specify up to 5 `.tabItem{}` elements that will be displayed singularly in the `TabBar`.
Fron the 6th elemnet onwards, the first 4 elemens will appear normally, meanwhile the 5th will become a "more" element that will open a `TableView` with the list of the other `.tabItem{}` elements. This page permis to define which elements will be visible.