show line numbers in conde snippets

docs/languages/dotnet/asp.net/blazor.md

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ The component class is usually written in the form of a Razor markup page with a
 
 [Blazor Components](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/blazor/components/)
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 @page "/route/{RouteParameter}"  // make component accessible from a URL
 @page "/route/{RouteParameter?}"  // specify route parameter as optional
 @page "/route/{RouteParameter:<type>}"  // specify route parameter type
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ The component class is usually written in the form of a Razor markup page with a
 
 It's now possible to pass state when navigating in Blazor apps using the `NavigationManager`.
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 navigationManager.NavigateTo("/<route>", new NavigationOptions { HistoryEntryState = value });
 ```
 
@@ -67,12 +67,12 @@ This mechanism allows for simple communication between different pages. The spec
 
 ### Blazor WASM
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 // setup state singleton
 builder.Services.AddSingleton<StateContainer>();
 ```
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 // StateContainer singleton
 using System;
 
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ public class StateContainer
 }
 ```
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 // component that changes the state
 @inject StateContainer State
 
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ public class StateContainer
 }
 ```
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 // component that should be update on state change
 @implements IDisposable
 @inject StateContainer State
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ public class StateContainer
 
 ## Data Binding & Events
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 <p>
     <button @on{DOM EVENT}="{DELEGATE}" />
     <button @on{DOM EVENT}="{DELEGATE}" @on{DOM EVENT}:preventDefault />  // prevent default action
@@ -186,7 +186,6 @@ public class StateContainer
 ```
 
 > **Note**: When a user provides an unparsable value to a data-bound element, the unparsable value is automatically reverted to its previous value when the bind event is triggered.
-
 > **Note**: The `@bind:get` and `@bind:set` modifiers are always used together.  
 > `The @bind:get` modifier specifies the value to bind to and the `@bind:set` modifier specifies a callback that is called when the value changes
 
@@ -199,7 +198,7 @@ public class StateContainer
 
 To render a Blazor component from JavaScript, first register it as a root component for JavaScript rendering and assign it an identifier:
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 // Blazor Server
 builder.Services.AddServerSideBlazor(options =>
 {
@@ -212,7 +211,7 @@ builder.RootComponents.RegisterForJavaScript<Counter>(identifier: "counter");
 
 Load Blazor into the JavaScript app (`blazor.server.js` or `blazor.webassembly.js`) and then render the component from JavaScript into a container element using the registered identifier, passing component parameters as needed:
 
-```js
+```js linenums="1"
 let containerElement = document.getElementById('my-counter');
 await Blazor.rootComponents.add(containerElement, 'counter', { incrementAmount: 10 });
 ```
@@ -224,6 +223,6 @@ Custom elements use standard HTML interfaces to implement custom HTML elements.
 
 To create a custom element using Blazor, register a Blazor root component as custom elements like this:
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 options.RootComponents.RegisterAsCustomElement<Counter>("my-counter");
 ```

docs/languages/dotnet/asp.net/filters.md

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ Filter attributes:
 
 ## **Filter scopes**
 
-A filter can be added to the pipeline at one of three *scopes*:
+A filter can be added to the pipeline at one of three _scopes_:
 
 - Using an attribute on a controller action. Filter attributes cannot be applied to Razor Pages handler methods.
 
@@ -124,14 +124,14 @@ builder.Services.AddControllersWithViews(options =>
 
 When there are multiple filters for a particular stage of the pipeline, scope determines the default order of filter execution. Global filters surround class filters, which in turn surround method filters.
 
-As a result of filter nesting, the *after* code of filters runs in the reverse order of the *before* code. The filter sequence:
+As a result of filter nesting, the _after_ code of filters runs in the reverse order of the _before_ code. The filter sequence:
 
-- The *before* code of global filters.
-  - The *before* code of controller and Razor Page filters.
-    - The *before* code of action method filters.
-    - The *after* code of action method filters.
-  - The *after* code of controller and Razor Page filters.
-- The *after* code of global filters.
+- The _before_ code of global filters.
+  - The _before_ code of controller and Razor Page filters.
+    - The _before_ code of action method filters.
+    - The _after_ code of action method filters.
+  - The _after_ code of controller and Razor Page filters.
+- The _after_ code of global filters.
 
 ### Cancellation and Short-Circuiting
 
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ public class ShortCircuitingResourceFilterAttribute : Attribute, IResourceFilter
 
 ## Dependency Injection
 
-Filters can be added _by type_ or _by instance_. If an instance is added, that instance is used for every request. If a type is added, it's type-activated. 
+Filters can be added _by type_ or _by instance_. If an instance is added, that instance is used for every request. If a type is added, it's type-activated.
 
 A type-activated filter means:
 

docs/languages/dotnet/asp.net/middleware.md

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ Short-circuiting is often desirable because it avoids unnecessary work.
 
 It's possible to perform actions both *before* and *after* the next delegate:
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 // "inline" middleware, best if in own class
 app.Use(async (context, next) =>
 {
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ app.Use(async (context, next) =>
 
 `Run` delegates don't receive a next parameter. The first `Run` delegate is always terminal and terminates the pipeline.
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 // "inline" middleware, best if in own class
 app.Use(async (context, next) =>
 {
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ The Endpoint middleware executes the filter pipeline for the corresponding app t
 
 The order that middleware components are added in the `Startup.Configure` method defines the order in which the middleware components are invoked on requests and the reverse order for the response. The order is **critical** for security, performance, and functionality.
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 if (env.IsDevelopment())
 {
     app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ Unlike with `MapWhen`, this branch is rejoined to the main pipeline if it doesn'
 
 Middleware is generally encapsulated in a class and exposed with an extension method.
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 public class CustomMiddleware
 {
     private readonly RequestDelegate _next;
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ The middleware class **must** include:
 
 ## Middleware Extension Methods
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
 
 public static class MiddlewareExtensions
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ public static class MiddlewareExtensions
 }
 ```
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 // other middlewares
 
 app.UseCustom();  // add custom middleware in the pipeline

docs/languages/dotnet/asp.net/minimal-api.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 > **Note**: Requires .NET 6+
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
 
 builder.Services.AddSingleton<IService, Service>();
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ app.Run();
 app.RunAsync();
 ```
 
-
 ## Application Settings
 
 App settings are loaded (in order) from:
@@ -42,7 +41,7 @@ Setting a value is done with `dotnet user-secrets set <key> <value>`, keys can b
 
 ## Swagger
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 builder.Services.AddEndpointsApiExplorer();
 builder.Services.AddSwaggerGen();
 
@@ -60,7 +59,7 @@ app.MapPost("/route", Handler).Accepts<Type>(contentType);
 
 ## MVC
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 builder.Services.AddControllersWithViews();
 //or
 builder.Services.AddControllers();
@@ -96,7 +95,7 @@ app.MapControllerRoute(
 
 To define routes and handlers using Minimal APIs, use the `Map(Get|Post|Put|Delete)` methods.
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 // the dependencies are passed as parameters in the handler delegate
 app.MapGet("/route/{id}", (IService service, int id) => {
     
@@ -113,7 +112,7 @@ IResult Search(int id, int? page = 1, int? pageSize = 10) { /* ... */ }
 The `MapGroup()` extension method, which helps organize groups of endpoints with a common prefix.  
 It allows for customizing entire groups of endpoints with a singe call to methods like `RequireAuthorization()` and `WithMetadata()`.
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 var group = app.MapGroup("<route-prefix>");
 
 group.MapGet("/", GetAllTodos);  // route: /<route-prefix>
@@ -127,14 +126,14 @@ group.MapGet("/{id}", GetTodo);  // route: /<route-prefix>/{id}
 The `Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.TypedResults` static class is the “typed” equivalent of the existing `Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Results` class.  
 It's possible to use `TypedResults` in minimal APIs to create instances of the in-framework `IResult`-implementing types and preserve the concrete type information.
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 public static async Task<IResult> GetAllTodos(TodoDb db)
 {
     return TypedResults.Ok(await db.Todos.ToArrayAsync());
 }
 ```
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 [Fact]
 public async Task GetAllTodos_ReturnsOkOfObjectResult()
 {
@@ -153,7 +152,7 @@ public async Task GetAllTodos_ReturnsOkOfObjectResult()
 
 The `Results<TResult1, TResult2, TResultN>` generic union types, along with the `TypesResults` class, can be used to declare that a route handler returns multiple `IResult`-implementing concrete types.
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 // Declare that the lambda returns multiple IResult types
 app.MapGet("/todos/{id}", async Results<Ok<Todo>, NotFound> (int id, TodoDb db)
 {
@@ -165,7 +164,7 @@ app.MapGet("/todos/{id}", async Results<Ok<Todo>, NotFound> (int id, TodoDb db)
 
 ## Filters
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 public class ExampleFilter : IRouteHandlerFilter
 {
     public async ValueTask<object?> InvokeAsync(RouteHandlerInvocationContext context, RouteHandlerFilterDelegate next)
@@ -178,7 +177,7 @@ public class ExampleFilter : IRouteHandlerFilter
 }
 ```
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 app.MapPost("/route", Handler).AddFilter<ExampleFilter>();
 ```
 
@@ -192,7 +191,7 @@ With Minimal APIs it's possible to access the contextual information by passing
 - `ClaimsPrincipal`
 - `CancellationToken` (RequestAborted)
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 app.MapGet("/hello", (ClaimsPrincipal user) => {
     return "Hello " + user.FindFirstValue("sub");
 });
@@ -202,7 +201,7 @@ app.MapGet("/hello", (ClaimsPrincipal user) => {
 
 The `Microsoft.AspNetCore.OpenApi` package exposes a `WithOpenApi` extension method that generates an `OpenApiOperation` derived from a given endpoint’s route handler and metadata.
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 app.MapGet("/todos/{id}", (int id) => ...)
     .WithOpenApi();
 
@@ -218,7 +217,7 @@ app.MapGet("/todos/{id}", (int id) => ...)
 Using [Minimal Validation](https://github.com/DamianEdwards/MinimalValidation) by Damian Edwards.  
 Alternatively it's possible to use [Fluent Validation](https://fluentvalidation.net/).
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 app.MapPost("/widgets", (Widget widget) => {
     var isValid = MinimalValidation.TryValidate(widget, out var errors);
 
@@ -241,7 +240,7 @@ class Widget
 
 ## JSON Serialization
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 // Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Json.JsonOptions
 builder.Services.Configure<JsonOptions>(opt =>
 {
@@ -251,7 +250,7 @@ builder.Services.Configure<JsonOptions>(opt =>
 
 ## Authorization
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 builder.Services.AddAuthentication(JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme).AddJwtBearer();
 
 builder.Services.AddAuthorization();
@@ -284,13 +283,13 @@ app.MapGet("/special-secret", () => "This is a special secret!")
 The `user-jwts` tool is similar in concept to the existing `user-secrets` tools, in that it can be used to manage values for the app that are only valid for the current user (the developer) on the current machine.  
 In fact, the `user-jwts` tool utilizes the `user-secrets` infrastructure to manage the key that the JWTs will be signed with, ensuring it’s stored safely in the user profile.
 
-```sh
+```sh linenums="1"
 dotnet user-jwts create  # configure a dev JWT fot the current user
 ```
 
 ## Output Caching
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 builder.Services.AddOutputCaching();  // no special options
 builder.Services.AddOutputCaching(options => 
 {
@@ -322,7 +321,7 @@ app.MapGet("/<route>", [OutputCache(/* options */)]RouteHandler);
 
 ### Cache Eviction
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 
 app.MapGet("/<route-one>", RouteHandler).CacheOutput(x => x.Tag("<tag>"));  // tag cache portion
 
@@ -334,11 +333,11 @@ app.MapGet("/<route-two>", (IOutputCacheStore cache, CancellationToken token) =>
 
 ### Custom Cache Policy
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 app.MapGet("/<route-one>", RouteHandler).CacheOutput(x => x.AddCachePolicy<CustomCachePolicy>());
 ```
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 class CustomCachePolicy : IOutputCachePolicy
 {
     public ValueTask CacheRequestAsync(OutputCacheContext context, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { }
@@ -353,7 +352,7 @@ class CustomCachePolicy : IOutputCachePolicy
 
 The *options pattern* uses classes to provide strongly-typed access to groups of related settings.
 
-```json
+```json linenums="1"
 {
     "SecretKey": "Secret key value",
     "TransientFaultHandlingOptions": {
@@ -370,7 +369,7 @@ The *options pattern* uses classes to provide strongly-typed access to groups of
 }
 ```
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 // options model for binding
 public class TransientFaultHandlingOptions
 {
@@ -379,13 +378,13 @@ public class TransientFaultHandlingOptions
 }
 ```
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 // setup the options
 builder.Services.Configure<TransientFaultHandlingOptions>(builder.Configuration.GetSection<TransientFaultHandlingOptions>(nameof(Options)));
 builder.Services.Configure<TransientFaultHandlingOptions>(builder.Configuration.GetSection<TransientFaultHandlingOptions>(key));
 ```
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 class DependsOnOptions
 {
   private readonly IOptions<TransientFaultHandlingOptions> _options;

docs/languages/dotnet/asp.net/razor-syntax.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 ## Markup
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 @page  // set this as razor page
 
 @model <App>.Models.Entity  // if MVC set type of elements passed to the view 
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 
 Example:
 
-```html
+```html linenums="1"
 <!-- tag helpers for a lin in ASP.NET MVC -->
 <a class="nav-link text-dark" asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="Index">Home</a>
 ```
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ Example:
 
 The `@addTagHelper` directive makes Tag Helpers available to the view. Generally, the view file is `Pages/_ViewImports.cshtml`, which by default is inherited by all files in the `Pages` folder and subfolders, making Tag Helpers available.
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 @using <App>
 @namespace <App>.Pages  // or <Project>.Models
 @addTagHelper *, Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.TagHelpers
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ The first parameter after `@addTagHelper` specifies the Tag Helpers to load (`*`
 
 It's possible to disable a Tag Helper at the element level with the Tag Helper opt-out character (`!`)
 
-```cshtml
+```cshtml linenums="1"
 <!-- disable email validation -->
 <!span asp-validation-for="Email" ></!span>
 ```
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ It's possible to disable a Tag Helper at the element level with the Tag Helper o
 
 The `@tagHelperPrefix` directive allows to specify a tag prefix string to enable Tag Helper support and to make Tag Helper usage explicit.
 
-```cshtml
+```cshtml linenums="1"
 @tagHelpersPrefix th:
 ```
 
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ The `@tagHelperPrefix` directive allows to specify a tag prefix string to enable
 
 [Understanding Html Helpers](https://stephenwalther.com/archive/2009/03/03/chapter-6-understanding-html-helpers)
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 @model <App>.Models.Entity
 
 // Display the name of the property
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ The `@tagHelperPrefix` directive allows to specify a tag prefix string to enable
 
 In `ViewModel.cs`:
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 class ViewModel 
 {
     public int EntityId { get; set; }  // value selected in form ends up here
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ class ViewModel
 
 In `View.cs`
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 @model ViewModel
 
 <form asp-controller="Controller" asp-action="PostAction">
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ In `View.cs`
 
 In `Controller.cs`:
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 public IActionResult GetAction()
 {
     var vm = new ViewModel();

docs/languages/dotnet/asp.net/signalr.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ The SignalR Hubs API enables to call methods on connected clients from the serve
 
 In `Startup.cs`:
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 builder.Services.AddSignalR();
 
 var app = builder.Build();
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
 
 ### Creating Hubs
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 public class CustomHub : Hub
 {
     public task HubMethod(Type args)
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ A drawback of using `SendAsync` is that it relies on a magic string to specify t
 
 An alternative to using SendAsync is to strongly type the Hub with `Hub<T>`.
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 public interface IHubClient
 {
     // matches method to be called on the client
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ public interface IHubClient
 }
 ```
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 public class CustomHub : Hub<IHubClient>
 {
     public Task HubMethod(Type args)
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ Using a strongly typed `Hub<T>` disables the ability to use `SendAsync`. Any met
 
 The SignalR Hubs API provides the OnConnectedAsync and OnDisconnectedAsync virtual methods to manage and track connections. Override the OnConnectedAsync virtual method to perform actions when a client connects to the Hub, such as adding it to a group.
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 public override async Task OnConnectedAsync()
 {
     await Groups.AddToGroupAsync(Context.ConnectionId, "GroupName");
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ If the Hub throws an exception, connections aren't closed. By default, SignalR r
 
 If you have an exceptional condition you *do* want to propagate to the client, use the `HubException` class. If you throw a `HubException` from your hub method, SignalR will send the entire message to the client, unmodified.
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 public Task ThrowException()
 {
     throw new HubException("This error will be sent to the client!");
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ public Task ThrowException()
 
 ### Installing the client package
 
-```sh
+```sh linenums="1"
 npm init -y
 npm install @microsoft/signalr
 ```
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ npm installs the package contents in the `node_modules\@microsoft\signalr\dist\b
 
 Reference the SignalR JavaScript client in the `<script>` element. For example:
 
-```html
+```html linenums="1"
 <script src="~/lib/signalr/signalr.js"></script>
 ```
 
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ Reference the SignalR JavaScript client in the `<script>` element. For example:
 
 [Reconnect Clients Docs](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/signalr/javascript-client#reconnect-clients)
 
-```js
+```js linenums="1"
 const connection = new signalR.HubConnectionBuilder()
     .withUrl("/hub/endpoint")
     .configureLogging(signalR.LogLevel.Information)
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ JavaScript clients call public methods on hubs via the `invoke` method of the `H
 - The name of the hub method.
 - Any arguments defined in the hub method.
 
-```js
+```js linenums="1"
 try {
     await connection.invoke("HubMethod", args);
 } catch (err) {
@@ -177,6 +177,6 @@ To receive messages from the hub, define a method using the `on` method of the `
 - The name of the JavaScript client method.
 - Arguments the hub passes to the method.
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 connection.on("ClientMethod", (args) => { /* ... */});
 ```

docs/languages/dotnet/asp.net/web-forms.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 The fist loaded page is `Default.aspx` and its underlying code.
 
-```html
+```html linenums="1"
 <!-- directive -->
 <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="Project.Default" %>
 
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ The fist loaded page is `Default.aspx` and its underlying code.
 
 ### Page Directive
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 <%@ Page Language="C#"  // define language used (can be C# or VB)
     AutoEventWireup="true"  // automatically create and setup event handlers
     CodeBehind="Default.aspx.cs"  // define the underlying code file
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ The fist loaded page is `Default.aspx` and its underlying code.
 
 ### Web Controls
 
-```xml
+```xml linenums="1"
 <asp:Control ID="" runat="server" ...></asp:Control>
 
 <!-- Label: empty text will diplay ID, use empty space as text for empty label -->
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ The fist loaded page is `Default.aspx` and its underlying code.
 
 ## `Page.aspx.cs`
 
-```cs
+```cs linenums="1"
 public partial class Default : System.Web.UI.Page
 {
     protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)