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feat: restructure docs into "chapters" (#12)
* feat(docker, k8s): create containers folder and kubernetes notes
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docs/languages/python/libs/seaborn.md
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docs/languages/python/libs/seaborn.md
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# Seaborn Lib
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## Basic Imports For Seaborn
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```python
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import numpy as np
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import pandas as pd
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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
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import seaborn as sns
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# set aesthetic parameters in one step
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sns.set(style='darkgrid')
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#STYLE: {None, darkgrid, whitegrid, dark, white, ticks}
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```
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## REPLOT (relationship)
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```python
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sns.replot(x='name_in_data', y='name_in_data', hue='point_color', size='point_size', style='point_shape', data=data)
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# HUE, SIZE and STYLE: {name in data} -- used to differentiate points, a sort-of 3rd dimension
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# hue behaves differently if the data is categorical or numerical, numerical uses a color gradient
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# SORT: {False, True} -- avoid sorting data in function of x
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# CI: {None, sd} -- avoid computing confidence intervals or plot standard deviation
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# (aggregate multiple measurements at each x value by plotting the mean and the 95% confidence interval around the mean)
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# ESTIMATOR: {None} -- turn off aggregation of multiple observations
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# MARKERS: {True, False} -- evidenziate observations with dots
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# DASHES: {True, False} -- evidenziate observations with dashes
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# COL, ROW: {name in data} -- categorical variables that will determine the grid of plots
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# COL_WRAP: {int} -- "Wrap" the column variable at this width, so that the column facets span multiple rows. Incompatible with a row facet.
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# SCATTERPLOT
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# depicts the joint distribution of two variables using a cloud of points
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# kind can be omitted since scatterplot is the default for replot
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sns.replot(kind='scatter') # calls scatterplot()
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sns.scatterplot() # underlying axis-level function of replot()
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```
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### LINEPLOT
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Using semantics in lineplot will determine the aggregation of data.
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```python
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sns.replot(ci=None, sort=bool, kind='line')
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sns.lineplot() # underlying axis-level function of replot()
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```
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## CATPLOT (categorical)
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Categorical: divided into discrete groups.
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```python
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sns.catplot(x='name_in_data', y='name_in_data', data=data)
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# HUE: {name in data} -- used to differenziate points, a sort-of 3rd dimension
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# COL, ROW: {name in data} -- categorical variables that will determine the grid of plots
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# COL_WRAP: {int} -- "Wrap" the column variable at this width, so that the column facets span multiple rows. Incompatible with a row facet.
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# ORDER, HUE_ORDER: {list of strings} -- order of categorical levels of the plot
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# ROW_ORDER, COL_ORDER: {list of strings} -- order to organize the rows and/or columns of the grid in
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# ORIENT: {'v', 'h'} -- Orientation of the plot (can also swap x&y assignment)
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# COLOR: {matplotlib color} -- Color for all of the elements, or seed for a gradient palette
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# CATEGORICAL SCATTERPLOT - STRIPPLOT
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# adjust the positions of points on the categorical axis with a small amount of random “jitter”
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sns.catplot(kind='strip', jitter=float)
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sns.stripplot()
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# SIZE: {float} -- Diameter of the markers, in points
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# JITTER: {False, float} -- magnitude of points jitter (distance from axis)
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```
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### CATEGORICAL SCATTERPLOT - SWARMPLOT
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Adjusts the points along the categorical axis preventing overlap.
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```py
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sns.catplot(kind='swarm')
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sns.swarmplot()
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# SIZE: {float} -- Diameter of the markers, in points
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# CATEGORICAL DISTRIBUTION - BOXPLOT
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# shows the three quartile values of the distribution along with extreme values
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sns.catplot(kind='box')
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sns.boxplot()
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# HUE: {name in data} -- box for each level of the semantic moved along the categorical axis so they don’t overlap
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# DODGE: {bool} -- whether elements should be shifted along the categorical axis if hue is used
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```
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### CATEGORICAL DISTRIBUTION - VIOLINPLOT
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Combines a boxplot with the kernel density estimation procedure.
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```py
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sns.catplot(kind='violin')
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sns.violonplot()
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```
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### CATEGORICAL DISTRIBUTION - BOXENPLOT
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Plot similar to boxplot but optimized for showing more information about the shape of the distribution.
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It is best suited for larger datasets.
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```py
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sns.catplot(kind='boxen')
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sns.boxenplot()
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```
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### CATEGORICAL ESTIMATE - POINTPLOT
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Show point estimates and confidence intervals using scatter plot glyphs.
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```py
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sns.catplot(kind='point')
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sns.pointplot()
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# CI: {float, sd} -- size of confidence intervals to draw around estimated values, sd -> standard deviation
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# MARKERS: {string, list of strings} -- markers to use for each of the hue levels
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# LINESTYLES: {string, list of strings} -- line styles to use for each of the hue levels
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# DODGE: {bool, float} -- amount to separate the points for each hue level along the categorical axis
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# JOIN: {bool} -- if True, lines will be drawn between point estimates at the same hue level
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# SCALE: {float} -- scale factor for the plot elements
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# ERRWIDTH: {float} -- thickness of error bar lines (and caps)
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# CAPSIZE: {float} -- width of the "caps" on error bars
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```
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### CATEGORICAL ESTIMATE - BARPLOT
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Show point estimates and confidence intervals as rectangular bars.
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```py
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sns.catplot(kind='bar')
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sns.barplot()
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# CI: {float, sd} -- size of confidence intervals to draw around estimated values, sd -> standard deviation
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# ERRCOLOR: {matplotlib color} -- color for the lines that represent the confidence interval
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# ERRWIDTH: {float} -- thickness of error bar lines (and caps)
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# CAPSIZE: {float} -- width of the "caps" on error bars
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# DODGE: {bool} -- whether elements should be shifted along the categorical axis if hue is used
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```
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### CATEGORICAL ESTIMATE - COUNTPLOT
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Show the counts of observations in each categorical bin using bars.
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```py
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sns.catplot(kind='count')
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sns.countplot()
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# DODGE: {bool} -- whether elements should be shifted along the categorical axis if hue is used
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```
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## UNIVARIATE DISTRIBUTIONS
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### DISTPLOT
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Flexibly plot a univariate distribution of observations
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```py
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# A: {series, 1d-array, list}
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sns.distplot(a=data)
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# BINS: {None, arg for matplotlib hist()} -- specification of hist bins, or None to use Freedman-Diaconis rule
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# HIST: {bool} - whether to plot a (normed) histogram
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# KDE: {bool} - whether to plot a gaussian kernel density estimate
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# HIST_KWD, KDE_KWD, RUG_KWD: {dict} -- keyword arguments for underlying plotting functions
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# COLOR: {matplotlib color} -- color to plot everything but the fitted curve in
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```
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### RUGPLOT
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Plot datapoints in an array as sticks on an axis.
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```py
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# A: {vector} -- 1D array of observations
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sns.rugplot(a=data) # -> axes obj with plot on it
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# HEIGHT: {scalar} -- height of ticks as proportion of the axis
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# AXIS: {'x', 'y'} -- axis to draw rugplot on
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# AX: {matplotlib axes} -- axes to draw plot into, otherwise grabs current axes
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```
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### KDEPLOT
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Fit and plot a univariate or bivariate kernel density estimate.
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```py
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# DATA: {1D array-like} -- input data
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sns.kdeplot(data=data)
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# DATA2 {1D array-like} -- second input data. if present, a bivariate KDE will be estimated.
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# SHADE: {bool} -- if True, shade-in the area under KDE curve (or draw with filled contours is bivariate)
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```
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## BIVARIATE DISTRIBUTION
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### JOINTPLOT
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Draw a plot of two variables with bivariate and univariate graphs.
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```py
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# X, Y: {string, vector} -- data or names of variables in data
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sns.jointplot(x=data, y=data)
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# DATA:{pandas DataFrame} -- DataFrame when x and y are variable names
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# KIND: {'scatter', 'reg', 'resid', 'kde', 'hex'} -- kind of plot to draw
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# COLOR: {matplotlib color} -- color used for plot elements
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# HEIGHT: {numeric} -- size of figure (it will be square)
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# RATIO: {numeric} -- ratio of joint axes height to marginal axes height
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# SPACE: {numeric} -- space between the joint and marginal axes
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# JOINT_KWD, MARGINAL_KWD, ANNOT_KWD: {dict} -- additional keyword arguments for the plot components
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```
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## PAIR-WISE RELATIONISPS IN DATASET
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### PAIRPLOT
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Plot pairwise relationships in a dataset.
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```py
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# DATA: {pandas DataFrame} -- tidy (long-form) dataframe where each column is a variable and each row is an observation
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sns.pairplot(data=pd.DataFrame)
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# HUE: {string (variable name)} -- variable in data to map plot aspects to different colors
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# HUE_ORDER: {list of strings} -- order for the levels of the hue variable in the palette
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# VARS: {list of variable names} -- variables within data to use, otherwise every column with numeric datatype
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# X_VARS, Y_VARS: {list of variable names} -- variables within data to use separately for rows and columns of figure
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# KIND: {'scatter', 'reg'} -- kind of plot for the non-identity relationships
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# DIAG_KIND: {'auto', 'hist', 'kde'} -- Kind of plot for the diagonal subplots. default depends hue
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# MARKERS: {matplotlib marker or list}
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# HEIGHT:{scalar} -- height (in inches) of each facet
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# ASPECT: {scalar} -- aspect * height gives the width (in inches) of each facet
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```
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