mirror of
https://github.com/m-lamonaca/dev-notes.git
synced 2025-04-06 19:06:41 +00:00
Simplify REST API Notes
This commit is contained in:
parent
1fad5ca3bd
commit
c939822755
1 changed files with 41 additions and 256 deletions
|
|
@ -1,181 +1,5 @@
|
|||
# ASP .NET REST API
|
||||
|
||||
## Startup class
|
||||
|
||||
- Called by `Program.cs`
|
||||
|
||||
```cs
|
||||
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
|
||||
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
|
||||
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
|
||||
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
|
||||
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
|
||||
|
||||
namespace <Namespace>
|
||||
{
|
||||
public class Startup
|
||||
{
|
||||
public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
|
||||
{
|
||||
Configuration = configuration;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }
|
||||
|
||||
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
|
||||
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
|
||||
{
|
||||
services.AddControllers(); // controllers w/o views
|
||||
//or
|
||||
services.AddControllersWithViews(); // MVC Controllers
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
|
||||
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
|
||||
{
|
||||
if (env.IsDevelopment())
|
||||
{
|
||||
app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
|
||||
|
||||
app.UseRouting();
|
||||
|
||||
app.UseAuthorization();
|
||||
|
||||
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
|
||||
{
|
||||
endpoints.MapControllers();
|
||||
});
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## DB Context (EF to access DB)
|
||||
|
||||
NuGet Packages to install:
|
||||
|
||||
- `Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore`
|
||||
- `Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools`
|
||||
- `Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design` *or* `Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.<db_provider>.Design`
|
||||
- `Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.<db_provider>`
|
||||
|
||||
In `AppDbContext.cs`:
|
||||
|
||||
```cs
|
||||
using <Namespace>.Model;
|
||||
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
|
||||
|
||||
namespace <Namespace>.Repo
|
||||
{
|
||||
public class AppDbContext : DbContext
|
||||
{
|
||||
public AppDbContext(DbContextOptions<ProjectContext> options) : base(options)
|
||||
{
|
||||
|
||||
}
|
||||
//DBSet<TEntity> represents the collection of all entities in the context, or that can be queried from the database, of a given type
|
||||
public DbSet<Entity> entities { get; set; }
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
In `appsettings.json`:
|
||||
|
||||
```json
|
||||
{
|
||||
"Logging": {
|
||||
"LogLevel": {
|
||||
"Default": "Information",
|
||||
"Microsoft": "Warning",
|
||||
"Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"
|
||||
}
|
||||
},
|
||||
"AllowedHosts": "*",
|
||||
"ConnectionStrings": {
|
||||
"CommanderConnection" : "Server=<server>;Database=<database>;UID=<user>;Pwd=<password>"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
In `Startup.cs`:
|
||||
|
||||
```cs
|
||||
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
|
||||
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
|
||||
{
|
||||
// SqlServer is the db used in this example
|
||||
services.AddDbContext<CommanderContext>(option => option.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("CommanderConnection")));
|
||||
services.AddControllers();
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Migrations
|
||||
|
||||
- Mirroring of model in the DB.
|
||||
- Will create & update DB Schema if necessary
|
||||
|
||||
In Package Manager Shell:
|
||||
|
||||
```ps1
|
||||
add-migrations <migration_name>
|
||||
update-database # use the migrations to modify the db
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Repository
|
||||
|
||||
In `IEntityRepo`:
|
||||
|
||||
```cs
|
||||
using <Namespace>.Model;
|
||||
using System.Collections.Generic;
|
||||
|
||||
namespace <Namespace>.Repository
|
||||
{
|
||||
public interface IEntityRepo
|
||||
{
|
||||
IEnumerable<Entity> SelectAll();
|
||||
Entity SelectOneById(int id);
|
||||
|
||||
...
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
In `EntityRepo`:
|
||||
|
||||
```cs
|
||||
using <Namespace>.Model;
|
||||
using System.Collections.Generic;
|
||||
|
||||
namespace <Namespace>.Repo
|
||||
{
|
||||
public class EntityRepo : IEntityRepo
|
||||
{
|
||||
private readonly AppDbContext _context;
|
||||
|
||||
public EntityRepo(AppDbContext context)
|
||||
{
|
||||
_context = context;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
public IEnumerable<Entity> SelectAll()
|
||||
{
|
||||
return _context.Entities.ToList(); // linq query (ToList()) becomes sql query
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
public Entity SelectOneById(int id)
|
||||
{
|
||||
return _context.Entities.FirstOrDefault(p => p.Id == id);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
...
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Data Transfer Objects (DTOs)
|
||||
|
||||
A **DTO** is an object that defines how the data will be sent and received over the network (usually as JSON).
|
||||
|
|
@ -202,13 +26,13 @@ public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
|
|||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
In `Entity<CrudOperation>DTO.cs`:
|
||||
In `EntityDTO.cs`:
|
||||
|
||||
```cs
|
||||
namespace <Namespace>.DTOs
|
||||
{
|
||||
// define the data to be serialized in JSON (can differ from model)
|
||||
public class EntityCrudOpDTO // e.g: EntityReadDTO, ...
|
||||
public class EntityDTO
|
||||
{
|
||||
// only properties to be serialized
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -228,7 +52,7 @@ namespace <Namespace>.Profiles
|
|||
{
|
||||
public EntitiesProfile()
|
||||
{
|
||||
CreateMap<Entity, EntityCrudOpDTO>(); // map entity to it's DTO
|
||||
CreateMap<Entity, EntityDTO>(); // map entity to it's DTO
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -236,69 +60,40 @@ namespace <Namespace>.Profiles
|
|||
|
||||
## Controller (No View)
|
||||
|
||||
Uses [Dependency Injection](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependency_injection) to receive a suitable implementation of `IEntityRepo`,
|
||||
|
||||
### Service Lifetimes
|
||||
|
||||
- `AddSingleton`: same for every request
|
||||
- `AddScoped`: created once per client
|
||||
- `Transient`: new instance created every time
|
||||
|
||||
In `Startup.cs`:
|
||||
|
||||
```cs
|
||||
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
|
||||
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
|
||||
[Route("api/endpoint")]
|
||||
[ApiController]
|
||||
public class EntitiesController : ControllerBase // MVC controller w/o view
|
||||
{
|
||||
services.AddControllers();
|
||||
services.AddScoped<IEntityRepo, EntityRepo>(); // map the interface to its implementation, needed for dependency injection
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
private readonly ICommandRepo _repo;
|
||||
private readonly IMapper _mapper; // AutoMapper class
|
||||
|
||||
### Request Mappings
|
||||
|
||||
```cs
|
||||
using <App>.Model;
|
||||
using <App>.Repo;
|
||||
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
|
||||
using System.Collections.Generic;
|
||||
|
||||
namespace <App>.Controllers
|
||||
{
|
||||
[Route("api/endpoint")]
|
||||
[ApiController]
|
||||
public class EntitiesController : ControllerBase // MVC controller w/o view
|
||||
public EntitiesController(IEntityRepo repository, IMapper mapper)
|
||||
{
|
||||
private readonly ICommandRepo _repo;
|
||||
private readonly IMapper _mapper; // AutoMapper class
|
||||
_repo = repository;
|
||||
_mapper = mapper
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
public EntitiesController(IEntityRepo repository, IMapper mapper) // injection og the dependency
|
||||
[HttpGet] // GET api/endpoint
|
||||
public ActionResult<IEnumerable<EntityDTO>> SelectAllEntities()
|
||||
{
|
||||
var results = _repo.SelectAll();
|
||||
|
||||
return Ok(_mapper.Map<EntityDTO>(results));
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
[HttpGet("{id}")] // GET api/endpoint/{id}
|
||||
public ActionResult<EntityDTO> SelectOneEntityById(int id)
|
||||
{
|
||||
var result = _repo.SelectOneById(id);
|
||||
|
||||
if(result != null)
|
||||
{
|
||||
_repo = repository;
|
||||
_mapper = mapper
|
||||
// transform entity to it's DTO
|
||||
return Ok(_mapper.Map<EntityDTO>(result));
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
[HttpGet] // GET api/endpoint
|
||||
public ActionResult<IEnumerable<EntityCrudOpDTO>> SelectAllEntities()
|
||||
{
|
||||
var results = _repo.SelectAll();
|
||||
|
||||
return Ok(_mapper.Map<EntityCrudOpDTO>(results)); // return an action result OK (200) with the results
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// default binding source: [FromRoute]
|
||||
[HttpGet("{id}")] // GET api/endpoint/{id}
|
||||
public ActionResult<EntityCrudOpDTO> SelectOneEntityById(int id)
|
||||
{
|
||||
var result = _repo.SelectOneById(id);
|
||||
|
||||
if(result != null)
|
||||
{
|
||||
return Ok(_mapper.Map<EntityCrudOp>(result)); // transform entity to it's DTO
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
return NotFound(); // ActionResult NOT FOUND (404)
|
||||
}
|
||||
return NotFound();
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
|
@ -306,31 +101,21 @@ namespace <App>.Controllers
|
|||
## Controller (With View)
|
||||
|
||||
```cs
|
||||
using <App>.Model;
|
||||
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
|
||||
using System;
|
||||
using System.Collections.Generic;
|
||||
using System.Linq;
|
||||
using System.Threading.Tasks;
|
||||
|
||||
namespace <App>.Controllers
|
||||
[Route("api/endpoint")]
|
||||
[ApiController]
|
||||
public class EntitiesController : Controller
|
||||
{
|
||||
[Route("api/endpoint")]
|
||||
[ApiController]
|
||||
public class EntitiesController : Controller
|
||||
private readonly AppDbContext _db;
|
||||
|
||||
public EntitiesController(AppDbContext db)
|
||||
{
|
||||
private readonly AppDbContext _db;
|
||||
_db = db;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
public EntitiesController(AppDbContext db)
|
||||
{
|
||||
_db = db;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
[HttpGet]
|
||||
public IActionResult SelectAll()
|
||||
{
|
||||
return Json(new { data = _db.Entities.ToList() }); // json view
|
||||
}
|
||||
[HttpGet]
|
||||
public IActionResult SelectAll()
|
||||
{
|
||||
return Json(new { data = _db.Entities.ToList() }); // json view
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Reference in a new issue