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31 lines
1.3 KiB
Markdown
31 lines
1.3 KiB
Markdown
# Socket Module
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## Definition
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A network socket is an internal endpoint for sending or receiving data within a node on a computer network.
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In practice, socket usually refers to a socket in an Internet Protocol (IP) network, in particular for the **Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)**, which is a protocol for *one-to-one* connections.
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In this context, sockets are assumed to be associated with a specific socket address, namely the **IP address** and a **port number** for the local node, and there is a corresponding socket address at the foreign node (other node), which itself has an associated socket, used by the foreign process. Associating a socket with a socket address is called *binding*.
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## Socket Creation & Connection
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```python
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import socket
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# socket over the internet, socket is a stream of data
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socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
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socket.connect = (("URL", port: int)) # connect to socket
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socket.close() # close connection
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```
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## Making HTTP Requests
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```python
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import socket
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HTTP_Method = "GET http://url/resource HTTP/version\n\n".encode() # set HTTP request (encoded string from UTF-8 to bytes)
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socket.send(HTTP_Method) # make HTTP request
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data = socket.recv(buffer_size) # receive data from socket
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decoded = data.decode() # decode data (from bytes to UTF-8)
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```
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