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87 lines
2.5 KiB
Markdown
87 lines
2.5 KiB
Markdown
# Vector, Transform, Space
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## Vector2, Vector3, Vector4
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[Vector3 Docs](https://docs.unity3d.com/ScriptReference/Vector3.html)
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Used to store positions, velocities and directions.
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Magnitude = `sqrt(Math.pow(x, 2) + Math.pow(y, 2))`
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Direction = `(x / Magnitude, y / Magnitude)`
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The direction is calculated by normalizing the vector to make it become a unit vector (*versor*).
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```cs
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Vector3.x // x coord of vector
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Vector3.y // x coord of vector
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Vector3.z // x coord of vector
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Vector3.magnitude
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Vector3.normalized
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Vector3.up // Vector3(0, 1, 0)
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Vector3.down // Vector3(0, -1, 0)
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Vector3.left // Vector3(-1, 0, 0)
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Vector3.right // Vector3(1, 0, 0)
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Vector3.forward // Vector3(0, 0, 1)
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Vector3.back // Vector3(0, 0, -1)
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Vector3.one // Vector3(1, 1, 1)
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Vector3.zero // Vector3(0, 0, 0)
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Vector3.one // Vector3(1, 1, 1)
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```
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### Operations
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```cs
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Vector3(x, y, z) * n = Vector3(xn, yn, yz);
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Vector3(x, y, z) / n = Vector3(x / n, y / n, y / z);
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Vector3(x1, y1, z1) + Vector3(x2, y2, z2) = Vector3(x1 + x2, y1 + y2, z1 + z2);
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Vector3(x1, y1, z1) - Vector3(x2, y2, z2) = Vector3(x1 - x2, y1 - y2, z1 - z2);
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Quaternion.Euler(Vector3) // convert a Vector3 to a Quaternion
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```
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### Movement
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Speed = value m/s
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Velocity = Direction * Speed
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MovementInFrame = Speed * timeSinceLastFrame
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## Transform
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[Transform Docs](https://docs.unity3d.com/ScriptReference/Transform.html)
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```cs
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// properties
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transform.position // Vector3 - global position
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transform.localPosition // Vector3 - local position
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transform.rotation // Quaternion - global rotation
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transform.parent // Transform - parent of the object
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transform.localScale = Vector3; // set object dimensions
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// methods
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transform.Rotate(Vector3 * Time.deltaTime * speed, Space); // set rotation using vectors in selected space (Space.Self or Space.World)
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transform.Translate(Vector3 * Time.deltaTime * speed, Space); // set movement in selected space
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```
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### Local, GLobal & Object Space
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**Local Space**: Applies transformation relative to the *local* coordinate system (`Space.Self`).
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**Global Space**: Applies transformation relative to the *world* coordinate system (`Space.World`)
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### Parenting
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Changing the parent will make position, scale and rotation of the child object relative to the parent but keep the world space's position, rotation and scale the same.
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Setting the parentele by script:
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```cs
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public class ParentScript : MonoBehaviour {
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public Transform childTransform; // reference to the child object transform
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childTransform.parent = transform; // when evaluated at runtime sets current object as parent of another
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}
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```
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